In Vivo CAR T Cells Deliver Deep Responses in Myeloma.

This report describes early clinical results of an in vivo CAR T-cell approach for relapsed multiple myeloma, in which patients’ T cells are engineered directly inside the body rather than being collected, modified, and reinfused ex vivo.

Key points:

• The in vivo strategy rapidly induced expression of a chimeric antigen receptor on patients’ own T cells.
• Patients with relapsed multiple myeloma achieved deep responses, indicating meaningful antitumor activity.
• This approach avoids the complex, time-consuming manufacturing process required for traditional autologous CAR T-cell therapies.
• The data are preliminary; larger, controlled studies are required to assess durability of response, safety, and how these off‑the‑shelf in vivo methods compare with established autologous cell therapies.