Randomized Phase 3 study of pomalidomide cyclophosphamide dexamethasone versus pomalidomide dexamethasone in relapse or refractory myeloma: an Asian Myeloma Network study (AMN003).

This randomized study evaluated pomalidomide, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (PCD) versus pomalidomide and dexamethasone (PD) in Asian patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who had prior exposure to proteasome inhibitors and lenalidomide.

Among 122 patients, the median progression-free survival was significantly longer with PCD (10.9 months) compared to PD (5.8 months), with a hazard ratio of 0.43 (p < 0.001).

Both regimens showed similar rates of adverse events, primarily:

• grade ≥3 hematologic toxicities
• pneumonia

These adverse events had manageable safety profiles.

Adding cyclophosphamide to PD improved outcomes in this patient population.