Investigation of early mortality in the patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: insights from a real-world cohort using J-CHAEGE-MM database.

This study analyzed early mortality in multiple myeloma using data from the J-CHARGE-MM database. It found that nearly one-third of deaths occurred within the first year of treatment.

Leading causes of early death:

• Disease progression: 43.2%
• Infections (such as pneumonia and sepsis), common early in induction therapy
• Cardiac-related events: including heart failure and amyloidosis, 14.4%
• Sudden deaths: 7.5%

Key risk factors for early mortality included:

• Age ≥65 years
• Elevated serum LDH and CRP levels
• Poor performance status (PS ≥3)

The findings highlight the importance of thorough cardiac assessment and infection prevention, especially in elderly or clinically vulnerable patients, to reduce early mortality in multiple myeloma.